Your public IP address is what every website you visit sees. This page shows it back to you, together with the approximate location and network it maps to, and the browser details that are sent along with every request.
IP geolocation resolves to the network operator's registered location, which can be a different city or even country from yours. Mobile networks and VPNs make it less accurate still. City-level accuracy is typical at best.
Your public IP is assigned by your provider and is shared by every device on your network. Your local IP - usually starting 192.168 or 10. - identifies your device inside your own network and is not visible from the internet.